Total Hip Replacement (THR), also known as Total Hip Arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure where the damaged bone and cartilage of the hip joint are removed and replaced with artificial components. It is most commonly performed to relieve pain and restore function in patients with severe hip arthritis or injury. When is it Recommended? THR is considered when: Severe hip pain limits daily activities like walking or bending Pain continues even while resting, day or night Stiffness reduces hip movement Other treatments (medications, physical therapy, injections) have failed Common Conditions Treated: Osteoarthritis (most common cause) Rheumatoid arthritis Post-traumatic arthritis Avascular necrosis Hip fractures Childhood hip diseases (e.g., developmental dysplasia) Procedure: Anesthesia – General or spinal anesthesia is given. Incision – Surgeon makes an incision to access the hip joint. Removal – Damaged femoral head and cartilage are removed. Implantation – Artificial components (prosthesis) are inserted: A metal or ceramic ball replaces the femoral head. A metal socket is placed in the pelvic bone (acetabulum). A plastic, ceramic, or metal spacer is placed between them to allow smooth movement. Types of Implants: Cemented (uses bone cement) Uncemented (relies on bone growth to hold) Hybrid (combination of both) Recovery & Rehabilitation: Hospital stay: 2–4 days Walking with support on day 1 or 2 Physical therapy starts immediately and continues for several weeks Full recovery in 3–6 months Most patients resume normal daily activities without pain Benefits: Significant pain relief Improved mobility and quality of life Long-lasting results (15–20 years or more in most cases) Risks & Complications: Blood clots Infection Dislocation of the joint Implant wear or loosening over time Nerve injury Leg length inequality Precautions After Surgery: Avoid high-impact activities Follow movement restrictions advised by the surgeon Maintain a healthy weight to reduce implant stress Attend regular follow-ups